Instrumentation

 1. Grounding Devices in DCS Systems Operator consoles, printers, and server cabinets: Equipped with protective ground screws. Relay cabinets, U cabinets, and distribution cabinets: Equipped with protective ground screws. DCS I/O cabinets: Equipped with shielded grounding busbars and protective ground screws. The system ground (+24V ground) is floating. Instrument cabinets and operator panels: Equipped with […]

Pneumatic conveying is a widely used method for transporting powders and granular materials in modern industries. Utilizing compressed air as the driving force, it offers an efficient, dust-free, and flexible solution for long-distance material transport. This article covers the basic principles of pneumatic conveying, pressure requirements, mechanisms of pressure loss, causes of pressure fluctuations, characteristics

In modern industrial automation, sensors are the critical link between the physical process and the digital control system. Whether in flow measurement, pressure monitoring, temperature control, or level detection, sensors serve as the “eyes and ears” of the entire system. They detect physical changes in real time and convert them into usable signals for PLC,

In industrial instrumentation, especially during product selection and calibration, we often hear statements like: “This pressure transmitter is Class 0.5, so the accuracy should be fine.” or “The measured value deviates by 0.2 kPa, so the instrument accuracy is poor.” In fact, these statements often confuse accuracy and accuracy class, two closely related but fundamentally

Steam is one of the most widely used energy carriers in industrial processes.From food processing and pharmaceuticals to chemical plants, paper mills, and power generation, steam plays a critical role in both heat transfer and mechanical energy supply. However, many industrial facilities still suffer from: inaccurate steam flow measurement excessive heat loss poor condensate recovery

How to Choose the Right Gas Detection Technology for Industrial Applications In industrial environments, selecting the correct gas detection principle is critical for personnel safety, process reliability, and regulatory compliance. Different gases require different sensing technologies. Understanding how each detector works helps engineers and purchasing teams choose the most suitable solution for their application. This

Steam is one of the most widely used energy carriers in industrial processes. From food processing and pharmaceuticals to chemical plants, paper mills, and power generation, steam plays a critical role in both heat transfer and mechanical power applications. Understanding how a steam and condensate system works is essential for improving process efficiency, reducing energy

In modern industrial automation systems, control loops are the core of stable and efficient process control. Whether in a PLC system or a DCS platform, almost every process parameter — such as flow, pressure, temperature, and level — is maintained through a control loop. Many people see symbols like LIC-1001, FIC-2002, or TIC-3003 on the

In modern electronic engineering and industrial automation, a signal generator is an essential instrument used to provide various electrical signals for testing, calibration, simulation, and troubleshooting. It can generate multiple types of signals such as: Voltage signals Current signals Resistance simulation Thermocouple signals RTD signals Frequency and pulse outputs Signal generators are widely used in

Choosing the wrong cable or conduit in hazardous areas doesn’t just affect signal quality —it can lead to system failure, costly downtime, or even safety risks. In environments such as oil & gas, chemical plants, and power stations, proper selection is critical. This guide will help you make the right engineering decisions — not just