PLC

A Safety Programmable Logic Controller (Safety PLC) is a specialized type of PLC designed to ensure industrial processes operate safely, particularly in environments where human safety, equipment reliability, and environmental protection are critical. Unlike standard PLCs, Safety PLCs adhere to rigorous safety standards and are equipped with unique features that prevent hazards and minimize risks. […]

A grounding system (also called an earthing system) is an essential part of electrical installations, ensuring safety, preventing electric shocks, protecting equipment, and maintaining the stability of power systems. Below is a detailed breakdown of the components that constitute a grounding system and their respective functions: 1. Grounding Electrode (Earth Electrode) The grounding electrode is

In the practice of multi-loop control system tuning, it is essential to maintain a global perspective and a systemic view. Focusing solely on the disturbance rejection of individual control loops, without considering their interactions with other loops, often leads to suboptimal performance. Missteps in cascade control tuning, for instance, often stem from a lack of

Control cables and shielded cables are both essential components in various electrical systems, but they serve distinct purposes and have unique structural differences. This article explains the detailed differences between these two types of cables, including their definitions, applications, structures, and features. 1. Definition and Purpose Control Cables Control cables are designed to transmit control

In the world of instrumentation, theoretical knowledge is like the wrench in your hand—unassuming yet critical when you need it most! Whether you’re preparing for certification or simply working on the job, understanding electrical schematics, sensor principles, and troubleshooting logic is unavoidable. This series will be continuously updated, so by practicing alongside, you’ll be able

Signal isolators are essential devices used to transfer electrical signals between different systems or devices while electrically isolating them. Their primary function is to ensure that signal transmission occurs without the interference, distortion, or potential hazards caused by direct electrical connections. Signal isolators are indispensable in industries such as automation, medical equipment, and power systems.

With the rise of Industry 4.0, smart manufacturing, and digital twin technologies, PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers) have evolved from traditional logic controllers to core control units capable of data processing and intelligent decision-making. They not only determine the “operation logic” of production lines but also support the safety, stability, and scalability of entire automation systems.

Surge protectors and lightning arresters are critical components in protecting electrical systems from overvoltages and transient currents. While they may seem similar in their roles, their applications, operational principles, and targeted protections are distinct. This article delves into their differences in greater detail. 1. Definition and Primary Function Surge Protector A surge protector is a

In the world of PLC programming, most engineers are familiar with Ladder Diagram (LAD) and Structured Text (ST or SCL).These two have dominated the automation field for decades due to their intuitive representation and widespread support. However, the IEC 61131-3 standard defines five programming languages for PLCs—and among them lies a powerful yet often overlooked

Proper temperature and humidity control in control rooms, equipment rooms, and electrical distribution rooms is crucial for the efficient and safe operation of equipment, as well as ensuring the comfort of personnel. The specific standards and recommendations for each environment are as follows: 1. Control Room Control rooms house critical systems and personnel who monitor