1. Basic Principles: How Do Valves Cause Leakage? Valves operate by creating a seal between the valve plug (such as a valve disc, ball, or gate) and the valve seat, cutting off the fluid flow. Leakage typically occurs at two key locations: Seat Leakage: This happens when the valve plug and seat do not make […]
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During instrument installation, engineers often face environments unsuitable for safe equipment setup, such as explosive, flammable, cold, dusty, high-humidity, and regions with strong electrical or magnetic fields. In these environments, specific precautions must be taken to ensure safety and compliance. Installation in Toxic Environments When installing instruments in environments with toxic media, careful attention to
Explosion-proof junction box breather valves play a critical role in industrial environments, especially in areas where flammable or explosive gases are present. Below are the key functions of breather valves in explosion-proof junction boxes: 1. Maintaining Pressure Balance During operation, the internal pressure of an explosion-proof junction box may fluctuate due to temperature changes, heat
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Limestone wet desulfurization technology has long been the mainstream in various industries, not only because the equipment is “robust” and efficient but also because it can maintain relatively stable performance under varying loads, coal qualities, and operating conditions. Engineers who only focus on surface-level processes, such as “spraying, reaction, and gypsum output,” may often be
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Steam, as a critical energy carrier, finds extensive application in industrial heating, power generation, and production processes. This article provides a comprehensive overview of steam types, quality, measurement methods, common challenges, and associated instruments. 1. Types of Steam Steam can be classified into several types based on its pressure, temperature, and state: Saturated Steam Produced
Understanding Steam and Its Measurement Read More »
1. Working Principle of Thermocouples A thermocouple operates based on the Seebeck effect (thermoelectric effect). The core principle is as follows: a closed loop is formed by two different conductors (or semiconductors), A and B. When the two junctions (the hot and cold ends) are at different temperatures, a thermoelectric potential (millivolt-level voltage) is generated
Understanding the Working Principle of Thermocouples and Common Measurement Issues Read More »
Introduction: A common issue in flow measurement systems is the occurrence of small readings even when no flow is present. This phenomenon, caused by zero drift in the meter, can lead to inaccurate data, false alarms, and interference with control systems. The small signal cut-off feature is designed to address this issue by eliminating these
Correct Application of Small Signal Cut-off in Flow Meters: Primary vs. Secondary Tables Read More »
In industries like chemical storage tanks, LNG storage and transportation, and heating systems, level measurement is crucial for ensuring both production safety and process stability. However, complex operating conditions, such as high temperatures, pressures, and strong corrosion, often cause traditional level transmitters, like float and differential pressure devices, to fail. Radar level transmitters, with their
Radar Level Transmitters: “How Much Temperature and Pressure Can They Withstand?” Read More »
Electrical interfaces in instruments often involve threaded connections for signal cables, pressure sensors, or other components. These threads vary based on regional standards, industry requirements, and specific applications. Below is a detailed overview of the common thread standards used in electrical interfaces for instruments. 1. International Standard Threads NPT (National Pipe Thread) Overview: NPT threads
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1. Introduction The V-cone flow meter—also known as an internal-cone or V-type cone flow meter—is an advanced differential-pressure flow measurement device first developed in the 1980s. Its introduction is widely regarded as a breakthrough in differential-pressure technology due to its unique throttling structure and exceptional measurement stability. Designed for liquids, gases, and steam, the V-cone
V-Cone Flow Meter: Working Principle, Advantages, and Application Guide Read More »
