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Key Factors for Thermocouple Selection (Prioritized) Temperature Range (Primary Consideration) The temperature range determines the selection of the thermocouple type. The type should cover 1.2 times the maximum temperature (JB/T 5582-2015): Ultra-Low Temperature (-270 to -40°C): Type T (Copper-Copper Nickel), high precision for low temperatures. Low Temperature (-40 to 400°C): Type T (stable) and Type […]

An actuator’s dead zone refers to the range of input signals where the actuator does not respond. Only when the input signal reaches a certain threshold does the actuator begin to operate. When the dead zone becomes too significant, it may lead to oscillations in the control system, degrading the system’s performance. In industrial automation

Properly setting alarm values can prevent safety accidents. So, how should we set these alarm values? For example, consider a tank with a level control limit of 80%. What would be the appropriate alarm value? 70%? 75%? Or 78%? To correctly set alarm values, we first need to understand one key concept: response time. The

In a Distributed Control System (DCS), deadband (also known as hysteresis) refers to a specific range configured around an alarm setpoint. Within this range, minor fluctuations of a process variable will not trigger an alarm, even as they approach the alarm limit. The deadband acts as a “no-alarm zone,” effectively preventing the frequent generation of

In modern industrial and home automation, relays play a crucial role by responding to electrical signals to open and close contacts, thus enabling the control of electrical circuits. Relays are essential components that ensure the smooth operation of complex systems, providing safety, efficiency, and reliability. For anyone working in automation systems, understanding the various types