PLC

In the world of digital communication, two terms often come up: baud rate and bit rate. Both terms are related to the speed of data transmission, but they are not the same thing. Understanding the difference between the two is crucial when dealing with communication systems, as they measure different aspects of signal transmission. This […]

Process control is an integral part of modern industrial operations, yet its intrinsic complexity poses significant challenges. The fundamental nature of controlled systems is inherently nonlinear and uncertain. Despite this, linear approximations and simple control algorithms, such as PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers, remain the predominant choice in practical applications. This preference arises from their cost-effectiveness and

In the field of industrial automation and process control, communication between field devices (such as sensors and actuators) and control systems (like DCS or PLC) is essential. Several protocols have been developed to facilitate this communication, with HART, PA, and FF being among the most widely used. Each of these protocols has distinct features and

PID control, which stands for Proportional-Integral-Derivative control, is one of the most widely used methods in industrial process control systems. It is used to control a wide range of systems such as temperature regulation, motor speed, fluid flow, and more. The PID controller adjusts an output variable based on the error between a desired setpoint

Weighing module is a new type of weighing element, which combines weighing sensor, load transfer device and mounting connector together, and can be easily connected with mechanical devices of various shapes, such as vertical tank, trough tank, hopper, etc. According to its shape, it can be mainly divided into cantilever beam type, circular plate type,

Troubleshooting ground faults in emergency shutdown signal cables requires a structured approach to ensure efficiency and safety. This process can be broken down into several key stages: preparation, step-by-step cable inspection, the use of diagnostic tools, and dealing with special cases. Below is a detailed explanation of each step, followed by important precautions to follow

Fieldbus is a critical communication technology in the field of industrial automation. It connects sensors, actuators, controllers, and other field devices directly to the control system via a digital network. Serving as a revolutionary alternative to traditional point-to-point wiring, Fieldbus adopts a bus-topology structure that establishes a high-speed communication channel for real-time data exchange between

Introduction Safety relays play an important role in modern automation systems. They are designed to protect the safety of personnel and equipment. Compared with ordinary relays, safety relays have more advanced functions and technologies, can detect faults and provide double safety protection. This article will introduce the basic concepts of safety relays, including their working

In the operation of a distillation column, temperature control plays a critical role in ensuring the separation and purity of the product. The original temperature control scheme, designed to use reflux control to regulate the top of the column temperature, has proven to be inadequate under certain operating conditions. Experience has shown that when the

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are essential components of industrial automation systems. A PLC is a specialized digital computer designed to control and monitor industrial processes and machinery. It is programmed to execute a sequence of operations, such as switching on/off devices, measuring variables like temperature or pressure, and communicating with other systems. Due to their