Instrumentation

The selection of calibration gas in the calibration process of flammable gas detectors is a critical factor that directly affects the accuracy of calibration results and the long-term performance of the equipment. This article analyzes the selection of calibration gases, the issue of conversion factors, and related standards. Special attention is given to the feasibility […]

Steam is commonly measured using mass units such as tons per hour (t/h) or kilograms per hour (kg/h), rather than volume units. This approach provides several advantages, ensuring more accurate measurement and practical application in engineering and commerce. The primary reasons for using mass units for steam measurement are discussed below. 1. The Significant Influence

Introduction In industrial automation and process control, the 4-20mA current loop has become the standard method for transmitting analog signals. It is widely used for measuring and controlling physical parameters such as temperature, pressure, level, and flow. But why has this particular range (4-20mA) been universally adopted over other forms of signal transmission, such as

In the paper manufacturing industry, controlling environmental conditions—especially temperature and humidity—is a critical factor that directly impacts product quality, stability, and production efficiency. The sensitivity of paper to moisture and temperature changes makes real-time environmental monitoring essential during both production and storage. Here’s why: 1. Paper Composition and Hygroscopic Properties Paper is primarily composed of

Oil analysis plays a crucial role in equipment management and is widely applied in various industries, including mechanical equipment, automotive, aerospace, marine, mining, and industrial machinery. By continuously monitoring the condition of lubricating oil, potential faults can be detected early, ensuring equipment reliability, extending service life, and reducing maintenance costs. With technological advancements, oil analysis

Introduction In hazardous environments, explosion-proof equipment plays a critical role in ensuring safety. However, safety inspections often reveal a persistent issue: faulty or missing instrument nameplates. Statistics show that nameplate-related problems account for nearly 30% of all explosion-proof equipment issues found during inspections. These problems can be challenging to rectify, yet they are crucial for

In recent years, advancements in technology and the increasing demands of safety management have led to continuous upgrades in safety inspection standards. As we approach 2025, the focus of safety inspections will remain on key areas such as explosion prevention, lightning protection, grounding, and Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS). However, the direction and specifics of these

In modern mechanical engineering and equipment design, a clamp plays a critical role as a connection and fixing element in various industrial processes. It is widely used in equipment, pipelines, fittings, and mechanical systems. Whether in small household appliances or large industrial machinery, clamps serve an irreplaceable purpose. This article will explore the structure, types,

During the installation, operation, and maintenance of instrumentation equipment, electrical shock prevention is a common and critical safety measure. Electrical shock protection refers to preventive measures taken to safeguard human life from electrical accidents that may result from improper operation, equipment failure, or excessive voltage. The consequences of electrical shocks are often severe, ranging from

Introduction Non-full pipe flow measurement is a notorious challenge in various industries such as municipal wastewater management, agricultural irrigation, and industrial processes. The complexity increases significantly when dealing with large-diameter pipelines (DN800 and above), slight positive pressures, and slurry conditions. Selecting an unsuitable measurement method can lead to inaccurate readings, high maintenance costs, and operational