Instrumentation

Instrument technicians play a vital role in ensuring the proper operation of industrial systems. To become proficient in this field, the foundation lies in conducting thorough and systematic routine inspections. This guide details the essential steps, considerations, and best practices for effective inspection and maintenance. 1. Establish a Systematic Routine Instrument technicians typically oversee specific […]

I have gradually come to realize that, when it comes to PID tuning methods, the most important factors are not performance, but simplicity and universality. The Lambda tuning method, after a series of improvements, possesses characteristics that are more suitable for engineering applications. Unlike traditional PID methods, Lambda tuning does not use derivative action, instead

In the world of piping systems, PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) is almost a “star material.” Whether it’s flange gaskets or valve seals, it’s frequently used in various applications. However, one recurring question often arises: “What is the maximum temperature PTFE can withstand?” Some claim it’s dangerous to use beyond 150°C, while others confidently say it’s safe up

In the implementation of Distributed Control Systems (DCS) projects, three critical tests—Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT), Site Acceptance Testing (SAT), and Field Integration Testing (FIT)—play vital roles at different stages of the project. These tests ensure that the DCS system operates smoothly and meets the user’s needs. While each test is interrelated, they each focus on

In Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS), Safety Integrity Levels (SIL) are crucial for ensuring that Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) meet the necessary risk reduction requirements. This article focuses on the Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) method, which is widely used to determine the appropriate SIL for a specific SIF in industrial applications. Introduction to Layer of

In the powder chemical industry, combustible dust explosions are rare but highly destructive “black swan” events. According to Dust Safety Science, between 2016 and 2020, the United States averaged approximately 31.8 dust explosions per year (excluding dust fires), resulting in numerous injuries and significant economic losses annually. I. A Massive Explosion Triggered by a Small

In modern industrial boilers, there is an often overlooked yet crucial component — the water-cooled wall. While many are familiar with the term, do you know its exact function and significance? In fact, the water-cooled wall not only serves as the boiler’s “protective barrier” but also plays a vital role in steam generation. 1. The

In the refining industry, there are tens of thousands of advanced control systems in operation, and when extended to sectors such as chemicals and power, the global number of such systems could reach hundreds of thousands. While offline mechanistic models exceed the scale of advanced control applications, real-time optimization based on steady-state mechanistic models is

In the oil, chemical, and energy transportation industries, the term “loading arm” (also known as liquid unloading arms) is commonly encountered. It is an indispensable piece of equipment in liquid material handling systems, widely used for transporting flammable, explosive, or toxic liquids due to its safe, efficient, environmentally friendly, and sealed loading and unloading capabilities.

The core logic behind the source calibration method is to trace the origin of data (such as original collection devices, reference documents, or authoritative data sources) and verify its accuracy by comparing it with a “source standard.” This method is especially suitable for data types where the origin is traceable and there is an objective