Instrumentation

In the past, threaded or flanged connections were the standard choice for liquid level instrumentation in most industrial applications. However, when we started working on instrumentation for food industry projects, we noticed that many customers had switched to a different type of interface—the TC connection. Initially, the change was puzzling. But after observing the cleaning […]

Explosion-proof electrical equipment refers to devices designed to operate in hazardous environments without igniting explosive atmospheres. Among explosion protection markings, the designations IIA, IIB, and IIC are commonly encountered. This article explains their meanings and differences to aid in correct equipment selection. 1. Classification of Explosive Atmospheres Explosive environments are classified based on the nature

Compensation cables are specially designed wires used in temperature measurement systems to compensate for ambient temperature variations at the cold junction (reference junction) of thermocouples. They play a vital role in maintaining the accuracy of temperature signals over long distances. 1. Core Functions 🔹 Cold Junction Compensation When the cold junction of a thermocouple is

In some industrial environments, cable-related faults account for up to 50% of all system failures. Issues such as overloads, short circuits, and signal integrity loss frequently originate from poor-quality or improperly maintained cabling. For end users pursuing high-reliability automation, ensuring cable system integrity is mission-critical. 1. When and How to Evaluate Cable Quality A robust

Thermal power plants convert chemical energy into electrical energy through complex thermodynamic processes involving numerous mechanical and chemical reactions. To ensure the efficient, safe, and stable operation of power generation, thermal power plants must be equipped with a comprehensive range of process instruments. These instruments monitor, control, and adjust system parameters to ensure the normal

Introduction In recent years, the inspection cycle of Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) and Distributed Control Systems (DCS) has become a focal point of discussion in China’s chemical industry. Unlike general industrial equipment maintenance, the periodic inspection of SIS and DCS is directly linked to a plant’s automatic protection and regulation capabilities—especially critical in high-risk environments

A potentiometer, often abbreviated as “pot”, is a type of variable resistor widely used in electronic and electrical circuits to adjust voltage or signal levels. It consists of a resistive element and a sliding or rotating contact (wiper) that taps the resistance to provide a variable output voltage. 1. Working Principle of a Potentiometer A

In industrial environments, gas detection probes play a critical role in ensuring personnel and process safety. Proper installation and grounding of these devices are essential to their reliable operation. A common question among engineers and technicians is: “If the gas detector’s housing is already grounded, do we still need to ground the internal circuit?” The

The integration of instrumentation and metrology has long been viewed as a challenge due to their distinct roles in industrial operations. However, with the rise of intelligent, multifunctional tools, this boundary is becoming increasingly blurred. This article explores the potential and limitations of merging these two domains from the perspectives of tool efficiency and professional

In modern machine tools, multiple motors and components often work together to achieve complex mechanical tasks. To ensure operational safety and meet process requirements, these motors and components must follow a predefined sequence and interact with one another. This coordination is achieved through electrical interlocking systems. This article introduces the most commonly used interlocking methods