1. IntroductionIn Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS), two critical Human-Machine Interfaces (HMI) are involved:Engineering Station (ES): Used for configuration, programming, diagnostics,...

In industrial process automation, not every plant requires advanced control strategies. In many cases, well-tuned PID loops and simple control...

Introduction In industrial automation, RS-485 communication has become one of the most widely used methods for data exchange between devices....

1. Working Principle (Core Logic: Magnetic Field Interaction + Time Difference Calculation) A magnetostrictive level gauge measures liquid level based...

1. Pressure Sensor (Transducer) Working Principle: Detects a pressure signal and converts it into a usable electrical signal (analog or...

The metallurgical industry heavily relies on coke as a critical raw material, making accurate storage and management essential for maintaining...

1. Introduction The purpose of this document is to establish standardized requirements for the operation, inspection, maintenance, and overhaul of...

1. Introduction Pressure transmitters are widely used in boilers, steam systems, compressors, and chemical processes. However, due to harsh environments,...

To ensure the safety and reliability of instrumentation and control systems during seismic events, the following measures shall be adopted:...

Level instruments are among the most fundamental and critical process control devices in the process industry. They act as the...