1. Introduction Material flow issues such as jamming, clogging, and material adhesion are common problems in industrial production. These issues...

Introduction Process control instruments consist of three primary hardware components: the measurement and transmission unit, the actuator, and the controller....

PROFIBUS (Process Field Bus) is a widely-used standard for fieldbus communication in industrial automation systems. Developed in 1987 by a...

In the field of precision metrology, force calibration plays a critical role in ensuring the accuracy and traceability of force-measuring...

When working with control valves and actuators, a common question arises:Do smart valve positioners come in different types for linear...

In industrial automation and process control systems, the terms “control scheme” and “interlock loop” are often used, but they refer...

IntroductionIn the field of materials engineering and product reliability testing, the terms Thermal Cycling and Thermal Shock are often used—but...

Pressure control is a critical aspect of industrial systems, particularly in processes involving fluids or gases. Safety valves, as integral...

Temperature transmitters have found increasing applications in industrial sectors such as petroleum, chemical industries, synthetic fiber, textiles, rubber, construction materials,...

Ensuring that your ground wire is properly grounded is essential for electrical safety. A well-grounded electrical system helps protect individuals...