Vortex flow meters are widely used for measuring steam due to their durability, high temperature tolerance, and minimal maintenance. However, wet steam can cause significant issues for vortex meters, leading to inaccurate readings or complete failure. In this article, we will explore why vortex meters struggle with wet steam and how to prevent or fix […]
Why Vortex Flow Meters Fail in Wet Steam (And How to Fix It) Read More »
Oscilloscopes are essential tools in electronics for visualizing electrical signals. One key feature that users often need to understand is the difference between DC coupling and AC coupling. These modes control how the oscilloscope processes the input signal, either displaying all components of the signal or focusing specifically on its alternating current (AC) parts. In
Understanding Signal Processing in an Oscilloscope: DC Coupling vs. AC Coupling Read More »
In large-scale chemical, power, and petrochemical projects, piping and instrumentation may seem inconspicuous, but they are the “nerves” and “blood vessels” of the entire facility. When designed properly, systems operate reliably, require less maintenance, and deliver accurate data. When designed poorly, they become sources of error, constant alarms, frequent repairs, or even serious safety hazards.
In the field of flow measurement and process instrumentation, three terms frequently appear: Reynolds number, laminar flow, and turbulent flow. These are not just academic concepts—they are crucial for instrument selection, pipeline design, and process optimization. 🔢 What Is Reynolds Number (Re)? The Reynolds number (Re) is a dimensionless value used to predict the flow
In the evolving world of industrial automation, Model Predictive Control (MPC) is often positioned as the future of process control—boasting advanced features like constraint handling, multi-variable coordination, and performance optimization. But will MPC replace the time-tested PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller, which has dominated the industry for nearly a century? From a conservative engineering perspective, the answer
Will Model Predictive Control (MPC) Replace PID? A Conservative Perspective Read More »
Automation instrumentation plays a critical role in industrial control systems as the “peripheral nerves” of production. When such equipment reaches the end of its life due to aging, damage, or obsolescence, a standardized decommissioning and disposal process is essential to ensure compliance, safety, and efficient asset turnover. This document outlines the key steps, standards, and
Guidelines for the Decommissioning and Disposal of Automation Instrumentation Assets Read More »
1. Introduction: Why Drum Level Matters In power plants, cogeneration systems, and any facility involving boilers, the term “drum level” is critical. While it may seem like a basic parameter, drum level is actually a complex topic encompassing measurement principles, control strategies, and failure management. Improper drum level control can lead to reduced boiler efficiency
Boiler Drum Level: Measurement, Control, and Failure Analysis Read More »
NAMUR NE 43 is a widely adopted signal standard in the field of industrial automation, primarily used for transmitting fault conditions and diagnostic information in process control instruments. This standard defines specific ranges within analog signals (typically 4 to 20 mA current signals) that indicate normal operating states and those that signify device faults or
Understanding NAMUR NE 43: A Comprehensive Guide Introduction Read More »
This article examines whether Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) are required for Level-3 major hazard sources involving liquefied gases. The analysis is based on Chinese regulations, industry standards, and risk assessment methodologies. We explore key conditions under which SIS becomes necessary, especially for hazardous chemicals such as LNG, LPG, and liquid ammonia. 1. Regulatory and Standard-Based
Is SIS Mandatory for Level-3 Major Hazard Sources Involving Liquefied Gases? Read More »
Noise in transmitters can significantly affect the accuracy and reliability of measurements in industrial and electronic systems. Understanding the different types of noise that can occur within a transmitter helps in designing systems that minimize these disturbances, ensuring more stable performance. Below is a detailed breakdown of the common types of noise found in transmitters,
Types of Noise in Transmitters: A Detailed Overview Read More »
