In the process of selecting and using transmitters, the signal output and wiring method are crucial considerations. The terms “two-wire,” “three-wire,” and “four-wire” refer to transmitters with various direct current (DC) signal outputs. The issue of how many wires a transmitter uses fundamentally stems from differences in working principles and structure, not merely the form […]
The Issue of Wiring Systems in Transmitters Read More »
Introduction When conducting a specific measurement task, the first step is to determine the most suitable type of sensor. This decision requires a comprehensive analysis of multiple factors, as even for measuring the same physical quantity, there may be several sensor types available. The selection should be based on the characteristics of the measured object
Principles for Selecting Sensors Read More »
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems play a critical role in modern industrial automation and control. These systems provide organizations with the tools to monitor, analyze, and control various industrial processes remotely or on-site. Widely utilized across industries such as energy, water management, manufacturing, and transportation, SCADA systems ensure operational efficiency, safety, and data-driven
Understanding SCADA Systems: A Comprehensive Overview Introduction Read More »
Bimetallic thermometers are widely used in industrial, laboratory, and commercial applications due to their reliability, simplicity, and mechanical robustness. However, like all measuring instruments, they are subject to errors that must be considered when evaluating their performance. This article explores how to determine the reasonable error for bimetallic thermometers, considering factors such as accuracy classes,
Determining the Reasonable Error of Bimetallic Thermometers Read More »
Problem Definition:Oscillation in control systems typically indicates a problem in the control loop. In the case of level control, we are dealing with oscillation caused by improper PID parameters and insufficient material input. Specifically, in a level control system where the discharge flow is used to control the liquid level, inadequate material input coupled with
Solutions to Oscillation in Level Control Systems Read More »
In the paper manufacturing industry, controlling environmental conditions—especially temperature and humidity—is a critical factor that directly impacts product quality, stability, and production efficiency. The sensitivity of paper to moisture and temperature changes makes real-time environmental monitoring essential during both production and storage. Here’s why: 1. Paper Composition and Hygroscopic Properties Paper is primarily composed of
Why Is Temperature and Humidity Monitoring Essential in Paper Production? Read More »
Oil analysis plays a crucial role in equipment management and is widely applied in various industries, including mechanical equipment, automotive, aerospace, marine, mining, and industrial machinery. By continuously monitoring the condition of lubricating oil, potential faults can be detected early, ensuring equipment reliability, extending service life, and reducing maintenance costs. With technological advancements, oil analysis
What is Oil Analysis? Read More »
Introduction Liquefied hydrocarbon storage is a critical component in petrochemical and industrial operations. Sphere tanks, commonly used for storing liquefied hydrocarbons like propane, butane, and LPG, require strict monitoring systems to ensure safe and efficient operation. Among these monitoring tools, local level indicators play an essential role in complementing remote monitoring systems and providing crucial
The Necessity of Local Level Indicators for Liquefied Hydrocarbon Sphere Tanks Read More »
Introduction Bimetallic thermometers are widely used in industrial, scientific, and HVAC applications due to their reliability, simplicity, and ability to function without an external power source. These thermometers operate based on the expansion and contraction of two different metals with different thermal expansion coefficients. One crucial factor that affects their performance is the length of
The Impact of Stem Length on the Accuracy of Bimetallic Thermometers Read More »
Thermocouples are widely used temperature measurement devices in various industries due to their simplicity, durability, and wide temperature range. They operate on the principle of the Seebeck effect, where two dissimilar metals connected at two junctions generate a measurable electromotive force (EMF) related to temperature differences. The fundamental principles guiding thermocouple operation are summarized by
Thermocouples: The Four Fundamental Laws Explained Read More »
