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PID – The Timeless Legend of Feedback Control in Industrial Applications

PLC /

1. Introduction: Simple Yet Powerful Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) control is a linear feedback control algorithm that calculates control output based on three terms: present error, accumulated error (integral), and rate of change of error (derivative). Its simple mathematical form has led to widespread adoption across industrial sectors and made it a classic subject for research, comparison, […]

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Common Chemical Media Characteristics in Industrial Applications

Instrumentation /

1. Classification and Properties of Common Chemical Media A. Acids Media Chemical Formula Characteristics Safety Precautions Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ Strongly corrosive, high density (1.84 g/cm³), highly exothermic when diluted Use acid-resistant materials (e.g., PP, PTFE, lead); always add acid to water Hydrochloric Acid HCl Strong volatility, pungent smell, reacts with metals to release hydrogen gas

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Maintenance Guidelines for Orifice Flowmeters

Flow meter /

1. Overview of Orifice Flowmeters Orifice flowmeters, also known as differential pressure flowmeters, consist of a primary element (such as an orifice plate, nozzle, or Venturi tube) and a transmitter. Special types like quarter-circle orifice plates, segmental orifice plates, and double orifice plates are used for specific applications. Depending on the fluid characteristics (e.g., corrosive,

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The Role of Instrumentation in Chemical Plants: The Nervous System of Modern Industry

Instrumentation /

Industrial instrumentation serves as the “eyes” and “nerves” of automation systems in chemical plants. From real-time monitoring and signal transmission to precision control, instruments are the backbone of safe, efficient, and intelligent manufacturing. This article explores five critical dimensions in which instrumentation plays a pivotal role—safety defense, process control, maintenance innovation, cost optimization, and decision

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Checklist and Installation Guidelines for Pressure Instruments

Pressure Transmitter /

This guide summarizes key field requirements for the installation and inspection of pressure instruments, following common industrial standards. 1. Installation Requirements Vertical Mounting: Vibration-resistant pressure gauges must be installed in a vertical orientation. Support Height: For pressure or differential pressure transmitters, the mounting pillar should be 1.2 meters tall. Capillary Tubes: Capillaries should be bundled

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Classification Standards for Metrology Institutions: Evaluation Criteria and Application Scenarios

Instrumentation /

The classification of metrology institutions refers to the hierarchical management of organizations engaged in measurement and calibration services. This system is designed to facilitate effective regulation, guidance, and assessment of these institutions. The classification standards involve a range of factors, including industry regulations, legal frameworks, administrative practices, and technical competency. Key Evaluation Factors for Classification

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Maintenance Guidelines for Variable Area (Rotameter) Flow Meters

Flow meter /

1. Key Maintenance Procedures for Rotameter Flow Meters 1.1 Pre-Maintenance Preparations Process Coordination: Coordinate with the process department and obtain written approval. Verify that maintenance operations will not disrupt production or introduce safety risks. Risk Assessment and Protection: Assess the corrosiveness, flammability, pressure, and temperature of the process medium. Wear appropriate PPE such as anti-corrosion

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Should Fusible Plugs Be Used in Emergency Shut-off Valves in Chemical Plants?

Valve /

1. Function of Fusible PlugsFusible plugs are temperature-sensitive safety components made from low-melting-point alloys. When ambient temperature exceeds a predefined threshold (typically 70–200°C), the plug melts and triggers the emergency shut-off valve (ESV) to close automatically. This serves to: Prevent hazardous media leaks during fire or extreme heat; Protect equipment from thermal damage or explosion;

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Standard Installation and Inspection Guidelines for Temperature Instruments

Temperature transmitter /

1. Installation Orientation and Mechanical Requirements Vertical Pipeline Installation:Temperature instruments mounted on vertical pipelines must be installed at a 45° angle against the flow direction to ensure accurate temperature sensing and avoid measurement distortion caused by stagnant flow zones. Mounting Nozzle Length Standard: For flange ratings 150LB, use a 150 mm long nozzle. For 300LB

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