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In discussions about plant safety, you might hear terms like “alarms, interlocks, and safety valves.” However, true safety assessment goes beyond simply asking, “Do we have these systems?” It involves answering three crucial questions: What potential issues could occur? (Scenario Identification) Is the risk low enough? (Risk Assessment) If not, how reliable do the protection […]

Key Factors for Thermocouple Selection (Prioritized) Temperature Range (Primary Consideration) The temperature range determines the selection of the thermocouple type. The type should cover 1.2 times the maximum temperature (JB/T 5582-2015): Ultra-Low Temperature (-270 to -40°C): Type T (Copper-Copper Nickel), high precision for low temperatures. Low Temperature (-40 to 400°C): Type T (stable) and Type

An actuator’s dead zone refers to the range of input signals where the actuator does not respond. Only when the input signal reaches a certain threshold does the actuator begin to operate. When the dead zone becomes too significant, it may lead to oscillations in the control system, degrading the system’s performance. In industrial automation

Properly setting alarm values can prevent safety accidents. So, how should we set these alarm values? For example, consider a tank with a level control limit of 80%. What would be the appropriate alarm value? 70%? 75%? Or 78%? To correctly set alarm values, we first need to understand one key concept: response time. The