PLC

1. Introduction In industrial automation and instrumentation, the terms RS-485 and Modbus frequently appear together. However, they refer to two different layers of communication. Understanding the distinction between them is essential when selecting and configuring communication interfaces in industrial devices such as flow meters, temperature transmitters, or programmable logic controllers (PLCs). 2. What is RS-485? […]

RS-485, also known as Recommended Standard 485, is a widely used protocol for industrial communication and data transfer. It is often employed in environments that require robust and reliable serial communication, particularly over long distances and in harsh conditions. However, as Ethernet-based communication networks become more ubiquitous in industrial and commercial applications, there is increasing

The 4-20mA signal has become the standard in industrial control systems and process automation because of its proven reliability and efficiency in transmitting process data. This current loop signal is used to communicate the output of sensors and transmitters to controllers, ensuring stable and accurate data transmission in a wide range of industrial environments. But

Introduction With the advancement of technology, Distributed Control Systems (DCS) are being widely adopted in industrial control applications. The reliability of DCS directly impacts the safety and economic operations of industrial enterprises. A critical factor ensuring the reliable operation of such systems is their anti-interference capability. Interference problems—caused by grounding issues, power disturbances, or lightning—have

1. Introduction In industrial automation and process safety systems, the Distributed Control System (DCS) and Safety Instrumented System (SIS) are vital components for maintaining operational stability and ensuring personnel and environmental safety. Regular inspection and maintenance of both systems are essential to avoid equipment failure, process upsets, and safety incidents. This article outlines the typical

Automation systems involve the use of electrical and mechanical components to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. Whether it’s industrial machinery, robotics, or control systems, electronic components form the backbone of these technologies. If you’re pursuing studies in automation, mastering the fundamentals of key electronic components is critical. Below, we’ll explore eight essential components every

Distributed Control Systems (DCS) are critical in industrial automation, used extensively in industries such as petrochemical, power generation, and chemical manufacturing. DCS configuration, often referred to as “DCS setup” or “DCS engineering,” involves tailoring the system to meet specific process control and operational requirements. This article provides a comprehensive guide to understanding and executing DCS

1. Introduction: Breaking the Industry Barrier Early in my career, I worked on advanced control projects in large-scale petrochemical enterprises. Today, I’m involved in control optimization efforts spanning chlor-alkali, fertilizers, non-ferrous metals, and petrochemicals. These industries differ greatly in processes, terminology, and operational culture, which often makes it hard to even have an open and

In modern industrial and home automation, relays play a critical role in controlling electrical circuits by opening and closing contacts in response to electrical signals. Relays are essential components that ensure the smooth operation of complex systems, providing safety, efficiency, and reliability. Understanding the various types of relays and their applications is crucial for anyone

PID control is one of the most commonly used strategies in industrial automation for precise process control. A PID controller adjusts system output by computing the error between a desired setpoint and a measured process variable. This adjustment is governed by three core parameters: Proportional (P), Integral (I), and Derivative (D). Understanding the function of