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1. Introduction Instrumentation serves as the “nervous system” of industrial automation, while cables and wires act as the “blood vessels” that transmit signals and energy. Proper selection and installation of cables directly affect the stability, accuracy, and reliability of measurement systems.This document introduces four commonly used types of instrumentation cables and provides engineering recommendations. 2.

1. General Provisions 1.1 Purpose This procedure is established to ensure the personal safety of workshop personnel during equipment maintenance, inspection, and commissioning activities. It aims to standardize operational processes, promptly correct unsafe actions, and prevent safety incidents. 1.2 Scope of Application This procedure applies to all personnel in the instrument workshop, including maintenance staff,

1. Background and Rationale Under the principle of “No Work Without a Permit,” field instrumentation personnel often face a dilemma in emergency scenarios: Should they strictly wait for the completion of permit approval before starting work, or Take immediate action to mitigate the risk and potentially violate the rules? Since the introduction of the Work

1. Introduction NAMUR (Normenarbeitsgemeinschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik in der Chemischen Industrie) is a leading German user association that develops important guidelines for process automation. Among its many recommendations, NE 43 and NE 107 are particularly influential in device diagnostics and health monitoring. Although both aim to improve reliability and safety in process industries, they

1. Introduction In industrial automation systems, especially in power plants and petrochemical industries, the 4–20 mA current loop remains the most widely adopted standard for analog signal transmission. Compared with voltage signals (e.g., 0–10 V), the 4–20 mA signal offers superior noise immunity, long-distance transmission capability, and inherent safety, making it the preferred choice in

Company: Dalian Zero Instrument Technology Co., Ltd.Document Type: Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)Effective Date: 18th Sep 2025Version: V1.0 1. Scope This document specifies the inspection, zero-point calibration, and maintenance procedures for common industrial instruments, including flowmeters, level transmitters, pressure transmitters, and valves. It is applicable to on-site commissioning, preventive maintenance, troubleshooting, and periodic inspection in chemical, petrochemical,