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Structural Types of PLCs and Their Characteristics

PLC /

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are widely used in industrial automation for their flexibility, reliability, and scalability. Based on their physical structure and configuration, PLCs can be generally classified into three types: Compact (Box-Type) Modular Embedded (Insert Board-Type) Each type has distinct design features, advantages, and typical applications, which are outlined below. 1. Compact (Box-Type) PLC […]

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Measuring Drilling Mud Levels in Return Pipelines with Radar Level Meters

Level meter /

Introduction In oil extraction operations, precise liquid level measurement plays a critical role in ensuring efficient and safe drilling activities. Monitoring the fluid levels in the return pipeline for drilling mud (or drilling fluid) is particularly essential for maintaining operational stability. Advanced radar level meters have become indispensable for such applications due to their accuracy

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Does a Globe Valve Always Require “Flow from Bottom to Top”?

Valve /

Globe valves are commonly used in industrial pipelines for fluid control, especially where precise throttling or frequent operation is needed. One frequently asked question is whether the flow direction of a globe valve must always follow the “low in, high out” principle. While “low in, high out” is the standard design in most installations, it

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Inspection Cycle Strategies for SIS and DCS Systems in China’s Chemical Industry

Instrumentation /

Introduction In recent years, the inspection cycle of Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) and Distributed Control Systems (DCS) has become a focal point of discussion in China’s chemical industry. Unlike general industrial equipment maintenance, the periodic inspection of SIS and DCS is directly linked to a plant’s automatic protection and regulation capabilities—especially critical in high-risk environments

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What Is a Potentiometer? Types, Working Principle, and Applications

Instrumentation /

A potentiometer, often abbreviated as “pot”, is a type of variable resistor widely used in electronic and electrical circuits to adjust voltage or signal levels. It consists of a resistive element and a sliding or rotating contact (wiper) that taps the resistance to provide a variable output voltage. 1. Working Principle of a Potentiometer A

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Standard Installation Procedure for Manifold Valve Assemblies

Valve /

1. Pre-Installation Preparation • Component Inspection Before installation, inspect each valve in the manifold carefully. Ensure that all valves operate smoothly, without sticking or leakage. Also, check the pressure impulse lines, pipe fittings, and other connectors for any damage and confirm that the dimensions are compatible. • Cleaning Clean the installation site and connection interfaces

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Ensuring Safety in Chemical Plants: Key Inspection Points for DCS, PLC, SIS, and GDS Instrumentation Systems

PLC /

In high-risk industries such as chemical and petrochemical production, automation and instrumentation systems serve as the “central nervous system” of safe operations. Hidden failures or improper configurations in systems such as DCS, PLC, SIS, and GDS can lead to serious safety hazards. This document outlines key inspection guidelines and best practices based on GB, IEC,

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Challenges in Measuring the Liquid Level of Rainwater Collection Tanks Using Radar Level Gauges

Level meter /

Rainwater collection systems play a crucial role in water resource reuse. Accurately measuring the water level in these tanks is essential to ensure the smooth operation of the system. Radar level gauges, a non-contact measurement technology, are widely adopted due to their high precision and reliability. However, they face specific challenges when applied to rainwater

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Should a Gas Detector Probe Still Be Grounded Internally if the Housing is Already Grounded?

Instrumentation /

In industrial environments, gas detection probes play a critical role in ensuring personnel and process safety. Proper installation and grounding of these devices are essential to their reliable operation. A common question among engineers and technicians is: “If the gas detector’s housing is already grounded, do we still need to ground the internal circuit?” The

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Quick Fault Diagnosis of Transmitters: The Visual Inspection Method

Pressure Transmitter /

Transmitters are widely used in industrial automation systems for measuring process variables such as pressure, temperature, and flow. However, during operation, transmitter failures can occur due to various reasons, posing challenges to maintenance personnel. Quickly and accurately identifying the root cause is critical for minimizing downtime. Based on years of field experience, engineers at Xingyi

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