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Advanced Process Control Strategies: Six Types of Complex Control Loops

PLC /

Modern industrial automation has evolved significantly from basic single-loop control to advanced, multi-loop control systems. In practice, processes often require more sophisticated control methods due to dynamic interactions, non-linear behaviors, and varying disturbances. This article explores six widely used types of complex control loops, highlighting their principles, structures, benefits, and typical applications. 1. Cascade Control […]

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How Much Spare Capacity Should Be Reserved for DCS I/O Modules and Controllers?

PLC /

In industrial automation projects, Distributed Control Systems (DCS) serve as the backbone of plant operations. Proper planning for I/O (Input/Output) modules and controller spare capacity is critical for ensuring system scalability, reliability, and maintenance flexibility. Overlooking this aspect can result in serious challenges during plant expansion or system upgrades. This article provides a detailed guide

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Instrument Maintenance and Inspection Procedures

Instrumentation /

General Guidelines All inspections and maintenance tasks must be conducted by qualified personnel only. Maintenance work shall be carried out only after obtaining clearance from operations personnel. All observations and corrective actions must be recorded in the maintenance logbook. Use appropriate PPE and follow safety protocols at all times. 1. Safety Barrier Maintenance 1.1 Visual

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Why Should Grounding Resistance Be Less Than 4Ω? Principles, Standards, and Measurement Methods

Instrumentation /

1. What Is Grounding Resistance? Grounding resistance refers to the resistance encountered by electrical current as it flows from a grounding device into the earth and disperses either toward another grounding electrode or into distant ground. It includes: The resistance of the grounding conductor and electrode, The contact resistance between the grounding electrode and soil,

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Are 80% of Flammable Gas Detector Failures Really Not About Quality? Here’s the Real Cause

Instrumentation /

In the petrochemical industry, flammable gas detectors serve as a first line of defense for safety. At the heart of these detectors lies the sensor (probe)—a component that often fails unexpectedly. But contrary to popular belief, most failures aren’t due to poor quality, but rather due to environmental stress, incorrect usage, and poor maintenance practices.

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Comparison Between Magnetic Level Gauge and Glass Tube Level Gauge

Level meter /

Introduction Liquid level measurement is a critical aspect of industrial process control, directly impacting operational safety and efficiency. Among the commonly used level gauges, glass tube level gauges and magnetic level gauges stand out due to their respective advantages and applications. However, in modern industrial settings, magnetic level gauges have become the preferred choice due

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Flexible Cable Vibrating Rod Level Switch: Precision Measurement for Bulk Solids

Level switch /

1. Introduction The Flexible Cable Vibrating Rod Level Switch is a high-precision level measurement instrument designed specifically for granular and powdery solid materials. Thanks to its innovative structure and advanced features, this sensor delivers stable and reliable level detection in complex industrial environments. Its exceptional adaptability and durability have made it a preferred choice in

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Barometric Pressure Transmitters: Functions and Application Value

Pressure Transmitter /

A Barometric Pressure Transmitter is an instrument designed to measure atmospheric pressure and convert it into a standardized electrical signal for monitoring or control purposes. As a key member of the pressure transmitter family, it holds significant importance in various industrial, scientific, and environmental applications due to its accuracy, reliability, and versatility. 1. Laboratory Standard

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The Importance of Measuring Small Hydrogen Gas Flow Rates and the Appropriate Instruments for the Task

Flow meter /

Hydrogen is an essential gas with widespread applications in industries ranging from energy production to chemical manufacturing and medical research. Its significance is rapidly increasing due to its role as a clean fuel in the transition towards sustainable energy systems. However, measuring the flow rate of hydrogen, especially in small amounts, can be challenging. Accurate

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Four Common Methods for Instrument Fault Handling: Detailed Guide

Instrumentation /

In industrial environments, instruments such as flow meters, transmitters, and level gauges may encounter various operational issues. To troubleshoot and restore their proper functionality, four commonly used methods are typically applied: Power Cycling, Factory Reset, Substitution Method, and Professional Diagnostic Testing. This article provides a detailed explanation of each method, including practical scenarios, precautions, and

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