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Comprehensive Guide to Instrument Wiring and Commissioning

Instrumentation /

Instrument wiring and commissioning is critical in industrial automation, laboratories, or engineering applications. This document provides detailed guidelines and best practices to ensure accuracy, reliability, and safety in wiring and commissioning temperature, pressure, flow, and level instruments. 1. Instrument Wiring Essentials Temperature Instruments Thermocouples: Clearly distinguish polarity (typically red for positive). Ensure compensation cables match […]

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Why is “p” Lowercase and “H” Uppercase in pH?

Instrumentation /

The representation of pH has long intrigued learners of chemistry. While the scientific community universally accepts this notation, the reasoning behind the lowercase “p” and uppercase “H” is often misunderstood. Let’s explore this topic in depth, starting with the basics of pH, its origins, and why this specific notation is used. 1. What is pH?

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Level measurement for Nitric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, and Sulfuric Acid

Level meter /

1. Basic Requirements for Strong Acid Level Measurement Liquid level measurement refers to determining the position of a liquid in a storage tank, container, or pipeline relative to a reference point. For highly corrosive acids such as nitric acid (HNO₃), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), the key measurement requirements include: Safety: The selected

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The Relationship Between Pipe Diameter, Flow Rate, Flow Velocity, and Pressure

Flow meter /

Fundamental Formula: The flow rate (QQQ) is calculated using the formula: Where: Q is the flow rate, V is the flow velocity, D is the internal diameter of the pipe. This equation shows that if you know either the flow rate or the flow velocity, you can calculate the other parameter when the pipe diameter

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Application of Radar Level Transmitters in pH Adjustment Tanks

Level meter /

pH adjustment tanks play a vital role in numerous chemical and biological processes, where the accurate measurement of liquid levels is crucial for effective pH control. This article discusses how advanced radar level transmitters are used for level measurement in pH adjustment tanks, ensuring precise and reliable process control. Importance of pH Control in Industrial

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How Pressure Transmitters Are Applied in the Mining Industry: A Focus on Hydraulic Support Control Systems

Pressure Transmitter /

In the demanding world of mining, hydraulic support control systems stand as pivotal equipment for production. These systems, equipped with microcontrollers, pressure transmitters, and other electronic devices, along with hydraulic circuit control components, automate the operations of the hydraulic support framework as needed. Among these components, pressure transmitters play a crucial role by monitoring the

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How to Perform Dust Removal During DCS Inspection

PLC /

1. What are the main methods to reduce instrument alarms? Reduce failures in field instruments and systems, handle failures promptly, and carry out preventive maintenance and reliability improvements. Optimize signal processing and control loops, filter I/O signals, and set signal thresholds, dead zones, PID parameter tuning, and control strategy optimization. Enhance the system’s automatic control

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A Comparative Study of New Algorithms and PID Controllers: Methodological Exploration

PLC /

In the field of control theory, it is common to propose new algorithms and compare their performance with that of classical PID controllers. However, during the writing and review process of many research papers, it has been observed that the experimental design of PID comparison often has noticeable flaws, making it difficult to fully validate

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Analysis of Causes for Magnetic Float Sinking in Magnetic Level Gauges

Level meter /

Magnetic level gauges, also known as magnetic float level indicators, provide a reliable method of real-time liquid level measurement based on the principles of communicating vessels and magnetic coupling. When the liquid level in the measured container changes, the magnetic float inside the float chamber moves correspondingly. The magnet embedded in the float drives external

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