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Comprehensive Guide to Installation, Wiring, Zero Calibration, and Operational Notes for Differential Pressure Transmitters

Differential pressure transmitters (DPTs) are essential instruments in industrial applications for measuring pressure, liquid level, and flow rate. They convert differential pressure into standardized output signals (e.g., 4–20 mA) for integration with display systems, controllers, and recorders, enabling continuous monitoring and automatic control. 1. Overview of Differential Pressure Transmitters A DPT measures the pressure difference […]

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Vortex Flowmeter Calibration and Testing Methods

Vortex flowmeters are commonly used in laboratory and industrial applications to measure the flow rate of gases or liquids. Accurate calibration and testing are essential to ensure reliable operation and data integrity. This document outlines the three primary methods for testing vortex flowmeters: dynamic testing, static testing, and simulated signal testing. 1. Dynamic Testing (With

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Alarm and Interlock Management Procedure

1. Purpose This procedure is established to ensure standardized, professional, and hierarchical management of alarms and interlocks within all departments of the company. It specifies the management content and methodologies applicable to alarms and interlocks associated with production units. 2. Scope This procedure applies to the management of alarms and interlocks across all production units

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Electrical Grounding Requirements in Hazardous Explosive Environments

In environments where explosive materials are present, the grounding of electrical equipment is a critical safety measure. These environments, classified as hazardous locations, often contain flammable gases, vapors, or dust, which, when exposed to electrical sparks or faults, can cause explosions. Proper grounding of electrical equipment is essential to prevent the accumulation of static electricity,

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Understanding Active/Passive Signals and Dry/Wet Contacts in Industrial Automation

In industrial control systems, the terms “active signal,” “passive signal,” “dry contact,” and “wet contact” are frequently used. However, these concepts are often confused due to overlapping characteristics and similar application scenarios. This article aims to clarify these concepts, explain their differences, and provide examples to help engineers and technicians make more informed decisions during

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Comprehensive Guidelines for Managing a Chemical Plant Control Room

The control room in a chemical plant serves as the central hub for monitoring and controlling production processes. Proper management of the control room ensures safe, efficient, and reliable operations. This article outlines a detailed framework for effective control room management, covering personnel, operations, environment, and safety protocols. 1. General Provisions 1.1 The control room

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Why Must Storage Tanks Be Equipped with Two Grounding Wires?

Grounding is a critical aspect of safety design in industrial facilities—especially in environments that handle flammable or explosive materials such as petrochemicals. Among the many grounding practices, a widely adopted and even mandatory requirement is to equip storage tanks with two grounding wires. But why two? This article explores the technical, regulatory, and safety reasons

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Understanding the NAMUR NE 43 Standard in Process Automation

1. Introduction In the field of industrial automation, ensuring equipment reliability and early fault detection is essential to maintaining system safety and minimizing downtime. To address this, the NAMUR organization (User Association of Automation Technology in Process Industries, Germany) published NE 43, a guideline that defines how process instruments should signal failure conditions using standardized

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