The following information is from Krohne Webinars and Zero Instrument Prepare
Electro Magnetic Flowmeters measure the volume flow of conductive liquids Typical media ●Drinking water & wastewater ●Industrial process water & cooling water ●Liquid chemicals ●Slurries, pulps and pastes Constraints; ● Minimum electrical conductivity ● Only for liquids Applicable in virtually any industry
Robust, Reliable & Safe Full bore, free of obstructions, no moving parts -Maintenance free – Long-term stability – No abrasion – Inlet & outlet lengths
Outstanding measurement performance Even under harsh medium & installation conditions – Viscosity/ Reynolds independent – Solids/ gas bubbles – Vibrations
Measurement performance
Grounding/ Functional Ground (FE) An EMF requires a reliable and fixed reference, because the measured signal is a very small voltage (mV). When installed between metallic pipes the medium will be connected to ground to establish the reference. Non-metallic or internally coated pipes do not have a connection to the ground. Therefore a reference must be established: ●Grounding rings ●Grounding electrode ●Reference electrode ●Virtual reference
Virtual reference ●Eliminates the need for grounding of process fluid; ●Flowmeter wiring exactly the same, but the earth connection to liquid is redundant. ●Advantages: – Easy installation – Safety: Less leakage paths – Costs: no precious metal grounding electrodes 1 rings
Measurement performance Optimization of measurement performance ●Converter performance -Strong signal & signal handling – Filtering techniques Sensor performance – Electrode selection to reduce the effect of impact of particles Results: ●Stable & responsive flow measurement Even at solids contents up to 70% ●Increased lifetime
Optimization of measurement performance ●Converter performance -Strong signal & signal handling 一Filtering techniques ●Sensor performance – Electrode selection to reduce effect of impact of particles
Process I installation ●gas bubbles & solids ●liquid conductivity ●temperature ●flow profile ●partially filled pipe
Display: ●NE107 Icons I colors indicate a status message ●all information on diagnostics via menu Outputs : ●status outputs: all warnings ●analog (4 – 20 mA): conductivity, temperature Bus communication: ●HART ●Foundation Fieldbus ●Profibus PA ●Ethernet ●Modbus
Verification (Dry) Field verification ●Tests under installation or application conditions on site ●No need to remove the flowmeter out of the line (Wet) Factory Calibration ●Tests under reference conditions at the factory ●Flowmeter need to be removed and transported
Verification | Proof testing IFC 400: Capable for proof testing ●Required to detect dangerous undetected (by diagnostics) faults: 2DU ●IFC 400 is capable for automated partial proof testing ●This allows to extend the intervals for full proof tests