Fail-Safe Actions of Pneumatic Valves: FC, FO, and FL
1. Introduction Pneumatic control valves rely on compressed air as the driving source. In case of air supply failure, the valve must move to a predefined safe position to prevent process upsets, equipment damage, or safety incidents. This pre-defined action is referred to as Fail Action, and typically includes three categories: FC (Fail Close): Valve […]
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